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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 1349 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your 12th knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 301. |
Informed consent is |
| A. | American Psychological Association guideline. |
| B. | an ethical principle. |
| C. | law in the United States and Britain. |
| D. | a legal term used in experimental research. |
| Answer» C. law in the United States and Britain. | |
| 302. |
The procedure that fools people into disclosing their attitudes is |
| A. | bogus pipeline. |
| B. | denial paradox. |
| C. | low-ball technique. |
| D. | foot-in-the-door phenomenon. |
| Answer» B. denial paradox. | |
| 303. |
Which is a method to reduce prejudice? |
| A. | mixed-status contact |
| B. | mutual exclusivity |
| C. | groupthink |
| D. | mutual interdependence |
| Answer» E. | |
| 304. |
Cognitive dissonance theory was authored by |
| A. | Festinger. |
| B. | Ellis. |
| C. | Carlsmith. |
| D. | James. |
| Answer» B. Ellis. | |
| 305. |
The __________ hypothesis states that frustration tends to lead to aggression. |
| A. | frustration-aggression |
| B. | biological instinct |
| C. | social learning |
| D. | cognitive dissonance |
| Answer» B. biological instinct | |
| 306. |
When Milgram moved his experiment from Yale to Bridgeport, the number of peoplewho complied |
| A. | decreased from 63 percent to 25 percent. |
| B. | decreased from 63 percent to 13 percent. |
| C. | decreased from 63 percent to 48 percent. |
| D. | remained about the same. |
| Answer» D. remained about the same. | |
| 307. |
The process of changing your behavior to match that of others in a group is |
| A. | norming. |
| B. | forming a social contract. |
| C. | conformity. |
| D. | standardization. |
| Answer» D. standardization. | |
| 308. |
Experimenters standardize their instructions to subjects in order to |
| A. | minimize demand characteristics. |
| B. | insure accuracy in the results. |
| C. | appear neutral to the group. |
| D. | compare different groups. |
| Answer» B. insure accuracy in the results. | |
| 309. |
Naturalist fallacy is |
| A. | the error of defining what is good in terms of what is observable. |
| B. | a flawed scientific description. |
| C. | that all psychology can be defined through nature. |
| D. | the error of defining what is normal is observable. |
| Answer» B. a flawed scientific description. | |
| 310. |
The term brainwashing describes what happened to American POWs during which war? |
| A. | World War I |
| B. | World War II |
| C. | Korean War |
| D. | Vietnam War |
| Answer» D. Vietnam War | |
| 311. |
According to research by Daniel Batson, altruism may have its basis in feelings of |
| A. | guilt. |
| B. | empathy. |
| C. | sadness. |
| D. | happiness. |
| Answer» C. sadness. | |
| 312. |
The finding that a person is less likely to help when there are other people around is |
| A. | the bystander effect. |
| B. | the |
| C. | the situational influence effect. |
| D. | the negative empathy effect. |
| Answer» B. the | |
| 313. |
Salespeople try to prevent customers from canceling their purchases by |
| A. | calling everyday until the agreement is final. |
| B. | having the customer fill out the sales agreement. |
| C. | enlisting them as satisfied customers. |
| D. | giving them names and numbers of other satisfied customers. |
| Answer» C. enlisting them as satisfied customers. | |
| 314. |
A testable proposition that describes a relationship that may exist between events is |
| A. | hypothesis. |
| B. | theory. |
| C. | research topic. |
| D. | direction to research. |
| Answer» B. theory. | |
| 315. |
In a study at Penn State, what percentage of students said they would ignore sexiststatements? |
| A. | 5 percent |
| B. | 12 percent |
| C. | 32 percent |
| D. | 51 percent |
| Answer» B. 12 percent | |
| 316. |
Which is false according to the text. The American and British Psychological Associations |
| A. | protect people from harm and significant discomfort. |
| B. | tell potential participants enough about the experiment to enable their informed consent. |
| C. | fully explain the experiment before preceding. |
| D. | treat information about the individual participants confidentially. |
| Answer» D. treat information about the individual participants confidentially. | |
| 317. |
An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them is |
| A. | social-responsibility norm. |
| B. | reciprocity norm. |
| C. | dependent norm. |
| D. | social norm. |
| Answer» B. reciprocity norm. | |
| 318. |
Worldwide, humans spend ________ per day on arms and armies. |
| A. | $1 billion |
| B. | $5 billion |
| C. | $2 billion |
| D. | $500 million |
| Answer» D. $500 million | |
| 319. |
The theory that human interactions are transactions that aim to maximize one's rewardsis |
| A. | social-exchange theory. |
| B. | social-interaction theory. |
| C. | reciprocity theory. |
| D. | social norms theory. |
| Answer» B. social-interaction theory. | |
| 320. |
According to the text, in what percentage of homicides has the murderer and/or thevictim been drinking? |
| A. | 45 |
| B. | 55 |
| C. | 65 |
| D. | 80 |
| Answer» D. 80 | |
| 321. |
When college males were asked if there were any chance they would rape a woman, "ifyou could be assured that no one would know and that you could in no way be punished," what percentage said there was a slim chance? |
| A. | 11 |
| B. | 23 |
| C. | 33 |
| D. | 45 |
| Answer» D. 45 | |
| 322. |
Conformity that involves publicly acting in accord with social pressure while privatelydisagreeing is |
| A. | compliance. |
| B. | acceptance. |
| C. | obedience. |
| D. | reactance. |
| Answer» B. acceptance. | |
| 323. |
An accomplice of the experimenter is |
| A. | confederate. |
| B. | partner. |
| C. | colleague. |
| D. | associate. |
| Answer» B. partner. | |
| 324. |
According to the text, the most famous and controversial experiments of socialpsychology are |
| A. | Asch's conformity experiments. |
| B. | Milgram's obedience experiments. |
| C. | Smith and Dunn's reactance experiments. |
| D. | Berg's compliance experiments. |
| Answer» C. Smith and Dunn's reactance experiments. | |
| 325. |
The three dimensions of attitude are |
| A. | aptitudes, behavior, and cognition. |
| B. | affect, behavior, and cognition. |
| C. | attraction, behavior, and compliance. |
| D. | aptitudes, behavior, and cognition. |
| Answer» C. attraction, behavior, and compliance. | |
| 326. |
Conformity that involves both acting and believing in accord with social pressure is |
| A. | compliance. |
| B. | cohesiveness. |
| C. | obedience. |
| D. | acceptance. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 327. |
The process of assigning participants to the conditions of an experiment such that allpersons have the same chance of being in a(n) |
| A. | ethics of experimentation. |
| B. | random assignment. |
| C. | mundane realism. |
| D. | informed consent. |
| Answer» C. mundane realism. | |
| 328. |
The experimental factor that a researcher manipulates is a(n) |
| A. | dependent variable. |
| B. | hypothesis. |
| C. | control. |
| D. | independent variable. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 329. |
A motive to increase one's own welfare is |
| A. | the illusion of control effect. |
| B. | achievement motivation. |
| C. | self-efficacy. |
| D. | egoism. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 330. |
The text states that values |
| A. | enter the picture with our choice of research topics. |
| B. | are unimportant in the study of social psychology. |
| C. | do not influence the type of people attracted to various academic disciplines. |
| D. | tell us which ones are right. |
| Answer» B. are unimportant in the study of social psychology. | |
| 331. |
The organization of roles, patterns of communication, and power in a group defines thegroup's |
| A. | status. |
| B. | structure. |
| C. | cohesiveness. |
| D. | norms. |
| Answer» C. cohesiveness. | |
| 332. |
How individuals are affected by the presence of others is the focus of study in the fieldof |
| A. | Sociology. |
| B. | Social psychology. |
| C. | Experimental psychology. |
| D. | Sociobiology |
| Answer» C. Experimental psychology. | |
| 333. |
The procedure in which every person in the population being studied has an equalchance of inclusion is |
| A. | survey research. |
| B. | equal sample. |
| C. | controlled sample. |
| D. | random sample. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 334. |
Which of the following is an innate behavior? |
| A. | reading a book |
| B. | watching a movie |
| C. | playing in the band |
| D. | fleeing danger |
| Answer» E. | |
| 335. |
The text asserts that the tendency for oppressors to disparage their victims is an exampleof |
| A. | how attitudes shape behavior. |
| B. | how behavior shapes attitudes. |
| C. | bogus pipeline. |
| D. | how role playing comes to shape one's self-identity. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 336. |
Mundane realism is |
| A. | performing the experiment in the real world. |
| B. | when the experiment is boring and repetitive. |
| C. | the degree to which an experiment is similar to everyday conditions. |
| D. | the experimenter's biases in the experiment. |
| Answer» D. the experimenter's biases in the experiment. | |
| 337. |
A reference group is |
| A. | one with which a person has face-to-face contact. |
| B. | any group in which one plays an active role or has membership. |
| C. | any group outside one's social distance boundaries. |
| D. | any group whose values and attitudes are seen as relevant to one's own. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 338. |
Frustration probably encourages aggression because it |
| A. | triggers genetic mechanisms. |
| B. | raises arousal levels and sensitivity to cues for aggression. |
| C. | triggers biological cues for aggression. |
| D. | relieves tension |
| Answer» C. triggers biological cues for aggression. | |
| 339. |
Killings done by armies is an example of |
| A. | emotional aggression. |
| B. | instinctive aggression. |
| C. | instrumental aggression. |
| D. | calculated aggression. |
| Answer» D. calculated aggression. | |
| 340. |
According to Alvin Gouldner, a universal moral code is |
| A. | the norm of social responsibility. |
| B. | the norm of social contract. |
| C. | the norm of efficacy. |
| D. | the norm of reciprocity. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 341. |
Milgram's shock study showed people to be surprisingly |
| A. | rebellious. |
| B. | intelligent. |
| C. | sexist. |
| D. | obedient. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 342. |
In his classic studies of conformity, Asch demonstrated that |
| A. | size of the majority does not influence how many people will conform. |
| B. | a majority of one produces about as much conformity as a majority of eight. |
| C. | lack of unanimity greatly reduces the pressure to conform. |
| D. | obedience to authority was determined by the authority's perceived referent power. |
| Answer» D. obedience to authority was determined by the authority's perceived referent power. | |
| 343. |
A change in behavior or belief as a result of real or imagined group pressure is |
| A. | compliance. |
| B. | conformity. |
| C. | acceptance. |
| D. | reactance. |
| Answer» C. acceptance. | |
| 344. |
Increasing the size of a group from 2 to _____is likely to produce the greatest increasein conformity. |
| A. | 5 |
| B. | 10 |
| C. | 25 |
| D. | 100 |
| Answer» B. 10 | |
| 345. |
An expectation that people will help those who have helped them is |
| A. | social norm. |
| B. | social-responsibility norm. |
| C. | reciprocity norm. |
| D. | restitution norm. |
| Answer» D. restitution norm. | |
| 346. |
In response to external circumstances ___________________ people adjust theirbehavior. |
| A. | intelligent |
| B. | depressed |
| C. | self-conscious |
| D. | unintelligent |
| Answer» D. unintelligent | |
| 347. |
What is the ratio of Americans who believe in the following statement? Sexual materialsprovide an outlet for bottled-up impulses. |
| A. | 9 to 1 |
| B. | 7 to 1 |
| C. | 5 to 1 |
| D. | 2 to 1 |
| Answer» E. | |
| 348. |
According to the text, one possible reason why people in New York are less helpful isthat |
| A. | they have more things to do than people in smaller environs. |
| B. | reciprocity does not work as well in big cities as in smaller groups. |
| C. | they feel they are superior to people in smaller environs. |
| D. | they have not internalized the social responsibility norm. |
| Answer» C. they feel they are superior to people in smaller environs. | |
| 349. |
Studies of conformity indicate that people are more apt to be influenced by others if they |
| A. | are concerned about the approval of others. |
| B. | have low needs for certainty and structure. |
| C. | are in temporary rather than established groups. |
| D. | are in very large groups. |
| Answer» B. have low needs for certainty and structure. | |
| 350. |
The real danger of "groupthink" is that it |
| A. | is contagious. |
| B. | occurs in cohesive groups. |
| C. | disrupts coordinated efforts at group problem solving. |
| D. | leads to a suspension of critical thinking. |
| Answer» B. occurs in cohesive groups. | |