MCQOPTIONS
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MCQOPTIONS
This section includes 1349 Mcqs, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your 12th knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 451. |
The belief that the ‘discrimination is wrong’ is a value statement. Such an opinion is ______component of the attitude |
| A. | cognitive |
| B. | affective |
| C. | reactive |
| D. | behavioral. |
| Answer» B. affective | |
| 452. |
__________ is the tendency for two individuals to emotionally converge. |
| A. | emotional dissonance |
| B. | emotional labour |
| C. | emotional contagion |
| D. | cognitive dissonance |
| Answer» D. cognitive dissonance | |
| 453. |
_____ is the degree to which people in a country prefer structured over unstructured situations. |
| A. | uncertainty avoidance |
| B. | long term orientation |
| C. | conscientiousness |
| D. | ethical dilemma |
| Answer» B. long term orientation | |
| 454. |
_____ measures the degree to which a person identifies psychologically with his or her job andconsiders his-her perceived performance level to self worth |
| A. | job satisfaction |
| B. | job engagement |
| C. | job involvement |
| D. | organizational commitment |
| Answer» D. organizational commitment | |
| 455. |
Which of the following is not the characteristic of High Machs? |
| A. | win more |
| B. | exploit others |
| C. | emotionally distract |
| D. | highly manipulative |
| Answer» D. highly manipulative | |
| 456. |
————-is a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience |
| A. | behavior modification |
| B. | learning |
| C. | motivation |
| D. | skills |
| Answer» C. motivation | |
| 457. |
Conflict between actual and desired emotions is called ____. |
| A. | emotional contagion |
| B. | emotional dissonance |
| C. | cognitive dissonance |
| D. | none of above |
| Answer» C. cognitive dissonance | |
| 458. |
Operant conditioning argues that ______. |
| A. | behavior is reflexive |
| B. | behavior is unlearned |
| C. | behavior is a function of its consequences |
| D. | the tendency to repeat a behavior is very strong |
| Answer» D. the tendency to repeat a behavior is very strong | |
| 459. |
______ is discretionary behaviour that is not part of an employee’s formal jobrequirement, but that promotes the effective functioning of the organization. |
| A. | productivity |
| B. | motivation |
| C. | organizational citizenship |
| D. | organizational behaviour |
| Answer» D. organizational behaviour | |
| 460. |
The subject of organizational culture has been most influenced by which behaviouralscience discipline? |
| A. | anthropology |
| B. | psychology |
| C. | social psychology |
| D. | political science |
| Answer» B. psychology | |
| 461. |
“———— are social inventions for accomplishing goals through group efforts” |
| A. | management |
| B. | organization |
| C. | leadership |
| D. | behavior |
| Answer» C. leadership | |
| 462. |
Health is best defined as |
| A. | The absence of illness or pain |
| B. | A body condition with no current physical disease or injury |
| C. | A positive state of mental, social, and physical well being |
| D. | A body condition with no risk of physical illness |
| Answer» D. A body condition with no risk of physical illness | |
| 463. |
The definition of illness includes |
| A. | Mental illness |
| B. | Pregnancy |
| C. | Physical disability |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» B. Pregnancy | |
| 464. |
: The biopsychosocial model of health |
| A. | allows a systems interpretation of factors affecting illness and injury |
| B. | separates the mind from the body |
| C. | is more complex than the biomedical model |
| D. | A and C are correct |
| Answer» E. | |
| 465. |
Feelings such as sadness, despair and anxiety are indicators of |
| A. | Mental illness |
| B. | Physical health |
| C. | Sociocultural health |
| D. | Psychological health |
| Answer» E. | |
| 466. |
Currently the major cause of illness is |
| A. | Behavior or lifestyle |
| B. | Genetic or family background |
| C. | Care taken during childhood |
| D. | Work environments |
| Answer» B. Genetic or family background | |
| 467. |
Which of the following is NOT a public health measure? |
| A. | improving water supplies |
| B. | monitoring food processing |
| C. | taking exercise |
| D. | regulating burial |
| Answer» D. regulating burial | |
| 468. |
Health psychology is linked to |
| A. | The behavioral sciences |
| B. | Clinical psychology |
| C. | Behavioral medicine |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 469. |
The _____ plan and direct educational, vocational, and recreational activities to helppatients become more self-sufficient. |
| A. | occupational therapists |
| B. | physical therapists |
| C. | dietitians |
| D. | social workers |
| Answer» B. physical therapists | |
| 470. |
According to the World Health Organization, which of these is NOT a main cause ofchronic disease and long-term impairments in developing countries? |
| A. | poor education |
| B. | poor diet |
| C. | poor sanitation |
| D. | poor housing |
| Answer» B. poor diet | |
| 471. |
Which theoretical perspective studies illness as 'lived experience'? |
| A. | feminism |
| B. | postmodernism |
| C. | epidemiology |
| D. | symbolic interactionism |
| Answer» C. epidemiology | |
| 472. |
Which one of these is NOT a type of work involved in chronic illness? |
| A. | cultural work |
| B. | illness work |
| C. | everyday work |
| D. | biographical work |
| Answer» B. illness work | |
| 473. |
Which one of the following is stressed by materialist explanations of health inequalities? |
| A. | smoking |
| B. | diet |
| C. | drinking |
| D. | housing |
| Answer» E. | |
| 474. |
One of the most significant drawbacks to support groups is that: |
| A. | they have not been researched extensively. |
| B. | most of the people who attend are unwilling to make a long-term commitment to participate in these groups. |
| C. | emotional support feels good but does not translate into adherence. |
| D. | they have not been available to all the chronically ill patients |
| Answer» E. | |
| 475. |
Which of the following is a positive example of family support to a chronically illpatient? |
| A. | Sending a chronically ill family member to a nursing home |
| B. | Driving a chronically ill patient to and from medical appointments |
| C. | Encouraging a stroke patient to engage in self-care |
| D. | Encouraging a chronically ill patient to be relentlessly cheerful |
| Answer» C. Encouraging a stroke patient to engage in self-care | |
| 476. |
A chronically ill patient talks to others to find out more about the illness situation and discuss issues associated with it. Which of the following coping strategies has the patientused here? |
| A. | Distancing |
| B. | Cognitive escape |
| C. | Behavioral escape |
| D. | Social support |
| Answer» E. | |
| 477. |
Which of the following is crucial when informational, helpful, and emotional supportsare needed for chronically ill patients? |
| A. | Achieving self |
| B. | Social self |
| C. | Physical self |
| D. | Private self |
| Answer» C. Physical self | |
| 478. |
As a health psychologist, it is important to understand immediate responses to achronic disease diagnosis because: |
| A. | the way a patient responds will dictate future treatment outcomes. |
| B. | it is best to wait for treatment interventions until after the patient has adjusted to the chronic aspect of the diagnosis. |
| C. | a patient\s coping efforts may fail and lead to an increasingly negative attitude and worsening health. |
| D. | patients need to be left alone until they indicate a willingness to accept their diagnosis. |
| Answer» D. patients need to be left alone until they indicate a willingness to accept their diagnosis. | |
| 479. |
The symptoms of heart failure include __________. |
| A. | shortness of breath |
| B. | fatigue |
| C. | fluid accumulation |
| D. | All of the above are symptoms of heart failure. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 480. |
Which of the following changes in lifestyle are recommended to treat or preventhypertension? |
| A. | control weight |
| B. | limit dietary salt intake |
| C. | exercise regularly |
| D. | All of the above lifestyle changes are recommended to treat or prevent hypertension. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 481. |
Which of the following is associated with atherosclerosis? |
| A. | high cholesterol diet |
| B. | increased exercise |
| C. | low-salt diets |
| D. | including fruit and vegetables in every meal |
| Answer» B. increased exercise | |
| 482. |
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for cardiovascular disease? |
| A. | stress |
| B. | consumption of aspirin |
| C. | obesity |
| D. | cigarette smoking |
| Answer» C. obesity | |
| 483. |
Which of the following is the "silent killer" because it usually has no symptoms? |
| A. | hemophilia |
| B. | stroke |
| C. | high cholesterol |
| D. | high blood pressure |
| Answer» E. | |
| 484. |
Why is atherosclerosis especially dangerous when found in the coronary arteries? |
| A. | It can cause a heart attack. |
| B. | It can restrict blood flow to the heart muscle. |
| C. | It can lead to coronary artery disease. |
| D. | All of the above options are correct. |
| Answer» E. | |
| 485. |
What is the ideal environment for starting to learn relaxation? |
| A. | Listening to instructions on headphones to avoid distraction |
| B. | In a group context using biofeedback |
| C. | At home listening to deep music and taped instructions |
| D. | Led by a trained practitioner in a quiet room and comfortable chair |
| Answer» E. | |
| 486. |
The psychological goal of most information based interventions designed to reduce thestress associated with operations is: |
| A. | to minimise physiological arousal. |
| B. | to increase perceptions of control. |
| C. | to allow people to forget about things they cannot control. |
| D. | to help people distract from worrying thoughts. |
| Answer» C. to allow people to forget about things they cannot control. | |
| 487. |
Interventions designed to reduce stress in children having surgery include: |
| A. | verbal information about any relevant issues. |
| B. | playing with the equipment they will see during their operation prior to the operation. |
| C. | a trip to the operating department. |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 488. |
What are the key goals of ACT? |
| A. | Cognitive defusion |
| B. | Acceptance |
| C. | Contact with the present moment |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 489. |
When is relaxation best used? |
| A. | Immediately following times of significant stress |
| B. | At times of great stress |
| C. | At times of both low and high stress |
| D. | As part of a meditation routine |
| Answer» D. As part of a meditation routine | |
| 490. |
Frequent challenges to stressful assumptions that can be used in guided discovery are: |
| A. | Are there any other ways I can think about this situation? |
| B. | What evidence is there that supports or denies my assumption? |
| C. | Could I be making a mistake in the way I am thinking? |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 491. |
Cognitive restructuring involves: |
| A. | identifying self-talk that is contributing to stress, and challenging it. |
| B. | preparing positive self-talk to say to oneself at times of stress. |
| C. | interrupting the flow of stressogenic self-talk with more positive talk. |
| D. | distraction away from stressogenic thoughts. |
| Answer» B. preparing positive self-talk to say to oneself at times of stress. | |
| 492. |
What are the goals of meta-cognitive therapy (Wells 2000)? |
| A. | Increasing flexibility in response to stressful situations |
| B. | Encouraging engagement in feared situations |
| C. | Using mindfulness to help cope with difficult thoughts or emotions |
| D. | All of the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 493. |
Well's (2000) approach to managing emotional distress is known as the: |
| A. | self-Regulatory Executive Function model. |
| B. | self-regulation model. |
| C. | stress inhibition model. |
| D. | stress-regulation model. |
| Answer» B. self-regulation model. | |
| 494. |
Cognitive restructuring involves identifying and challenging the accuracy of stressenduring thoughts. Therapists often use the Socratic Method (Beck, 1976) which is also known as: |
| A. | guided tour. |
| B. | escorted tour. |
| C. | guided discovery. |
| D. | escorted discovery. |
| Answer» D. escorted discovery. | |
| 495. |
Meichenbaum (1985) suggested that some cognitive therapy could be combined withbehavioural interventions. What did he call his approach? |
| A. | Stress inoculation therapy |
| B. | Cognitive behavioural therapy |
| C. | Stress immunisation therapy |
| D. | None of the above |
| Answer» D. None of the above | |
| 496. |
Stress management training is based on a ______ theory of stress. |
| A. | cognitive |
| B. | behavioural |
| C. | psychodynamic |
| D. | cognitive behavioural |
| Answer» E. | |
| 497. |
The goals of stress management training are to: |
| A. | identify and change cognitive distortions. |
| B. | reduce high levels of muscular tension. |
| C. | identify and reduce triggers using problem-solving strategies. |
| D. | All of the the above |
| Answer» E. | |
| 498. |
Which professionals did Jones et al. (2003) find to have a particularly high prevalence ofstress? |
| A. | Nurses and teachers |
| B. | Nurses and police officers |
| C. | Police officers and teachers |
| D. | Doctors and nurses |
| Answer» B. Nurses and police officers | |
| 499. |
_____ personalities are at a greater risk for coronary heart disease.Discuss |
| A. | Type D |
| B. | Type B |
| C. | Type C |
| D. | Type A |
| Answer» E. | |
| 500. |
The correct order of Hans Seyle's General Adaptation Syndrome are |
| A. | Alarm, resistance, exhaustion |
| B. | Resistance, alarm, exhaustion |
| C. | Exhaustion, alarm, resistance |
| D. | Alarm, exhaustion, resistance |
| Answer» B. Resistance, alarm, exhaustion | |